{"id":2491,"date":"2012-09-14T11:37:07","date_gmt":"2012-09-14T15:37:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/?p=2491"},"modified":"2013-08-09T08:53:39","modified_gmt":"2013-08-09T12:53:39","slug":"hyper-v-vhd-summary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/powershell\/2491\/hyper-v-vhd-summary\/","title":{"rendered":"Hyper-V VHD Summary"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>When I made the move to Windows 8, one of my tasks was to migrate my test environment from VirtualBox to Hyper-V. Windows 8 includes a client Hyper-V feature that is easy to use and includes PowerShell support. Plus I needed to expand my Hyper-V skills anyway, especially from the console. After setting up a number of VMs, I realized I needed to get a handle on disks: what files were in use for which VM? The Get-VM cmdlet writes a VirtualMachine object to the pipeline. One of its properties is HardDrives.<\/p>\n

\r\nPS S:\\> $vm = get-vm \"XP Lab\"\r\nPS S:\\> $vm.GetType().Name\r\nVirtualMachine\r\nPS S:\\> $vm | select *\r\n\r\n\r\nVMName                      : XP Lab\r\nVMId                        : da416538-7a72-4b57-b08d-7780d81745b6\r\nId                          : da416538-7a72-4b57-b08d-7780d81745b6\r\nName                        : XP Lab\r\nState                       : Off\r\nOperationalStatus           : {Ok}\r\nPrimaryOperationalStatus    : Ok\r\nSecondaryOperationalStatus  : \r\nStatusDescriptions          : {Operating normally}\r\nPrimaryStatusDescription    : Operating normally\r\nSecondaryStatusDescription  : \r\nStatus                      : Operating normally\r\nHeartbeat                   : \r\nReplicationState            : Disabled\r\nReplicationHealth           : NotApplicable\r\nReplicationMode             : None\r\nCPUUsage                    : 0\r\nMemoryAssigned              : 0\r\nMemoryDemand                : 0\r\nMemoryStatus                : \r\nSmartPagingFileInUse        : False\r\nUptime                      : 00:00:00\r\nIntegrationServicesVersion  : \r\nResourceMeteringEnabled     : False\r\nConfigurationLocation       : C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Hyper-V\r\nSnapshotFileLocation        : C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Hyper-V\r\nAutomaticStartAction        : StartIfRunning\r\nAutomaticStopAction         : Save\r\nAutomaticStartDelay         : 0\r\nSmartPagingFilePath         : C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Hyper-V\r\nNumaAligned                 : \r\nNumaNodesCount              : 1\r\nNumaSocketCount             : 1\r\nIsDeleted                   : False\r\nComputerName                : SERENITY\r\nNotes                       : \r\nPath                        : C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Hyper-V\r\nCreationTime                : 8\/20\/2012 5:43:38 PM\r\nIsClustered                 : False\r\nSizeOfSystemFiles           : 29366\r\nParentSnapshotId            : \r\nParentSnapshotName          : \r\nMemoryStartup               : 536870912\r\nDynamicMemoryEnabled        : False\r\nMemoryMinimum               : 536870912\r\nMemoryMaximum               : 1099511627776\r\nProcessorCount              : 1\r\nRemoteFxAdapter             : \r\nNetworkAdapters             : {Network Adapter}\r\nFibreChannelHostBusAdapters : {}\r\nComPort1                    : Microsoft.HyperV.PowerShell.VMComPort\r\nComPort2                    : Microsoft.HyperV.PowerShell.VMComPort\r\nFloppyDrive                 : Microsoft.HyperV.PowerShell.VMFloppyDiskDrive\r\nDVDDrives                   : {DVD Drive on IDE controller number 1 at location 0}\r\nHardDrives                  : {Hard Drive on IDE controller number 0 at location 0}\r\nVMIntegrationService        : {Time Synchronization, Heartbeat, Key-Value Pair Exchange, Shutdown...}\r\n<\/pre>\n
The property is actually a nested object.<\/p>\n
\r\nPS S:\\> $vm.HardDrives\r\n\r\nVMName ControllerType ControllerNumber ControllerLocation DiskNumber Path\r\n------ -------------- ---------------- ------------------ ---------- ----\r\nXP Lab IDE            0                0                             D:\\VHD\\XPLab.vhd\r\n<\/pre>\n
That tells me where the VHD is, but not about it. For that I can use Get-VHD.<\/p>\n
\r\nPS S:\\> $vm.HardDrives | Get-VHD\r\n\r\nComputerName            : SERENITY\r\nPath                    : D:\\VHD\\XPLab.vhd\r\nVhdFormat               : VHD\r\nVhdType                 : Dynamic\r\nFileSize                : 8709523456\r\nSize                    : 10737418240\r\nMinimumSize             : 10725765120\r\nLogicalSectorSize       : 512\r\nPhysicalSectorSize      : 512\r\nBlockSize               : 2097152\r\nParentPath              :\r\nFragmentationPercentage : 0\r\nAlignment               : 0\r\nAttached                : False\r\nDiskNumber              :\r\nIsDeleted               : False\r\nNumber                  :\r\n<\/pre>\n
There is some great information here like sizes, type and format. All I need now is a way to combine all of this information so that for every VM I can get a summary of pertinent VHD information. This is a great scenario for using Select-Object and creating a custom property.<\/p>\n
\r\n$vm.HardDrives | Select VMName,Path,@{Name=\"Size\";Expression={ (Get-VHD $_.path).Size}}\r\n\r\nVMName                           Path                                                Size\r\n------                           ----                                                ----\r\nXP Lab                           D:\\VHD\\XPLab.vhd                             10737418240\r\n<\/pre>\n
In the hash table, the Expression script block is running Get-VHD and returning the Size property. Eventually I want this for all VMs which means I'll need to expand the HardDrives property.<\/p>\n
\r\n$vm | select -expandproperty HardDrives | Select VMName,Path,@{Name=\"Size\";Expression={ (Get-VHD $_.path).Size}}, @{Name=\"FileSize\";Expression={(Get-VHD $_.path).FileSize}}\r\n\r\nVMName                  Path                                  Size                       FileSize\r\n------                  ----                                  ----                       --------\r\nXP Lab                  D:\\VHD\\XPLab.vhd               10737418240                     8709523456\r\n<\/pre>\n
That is very promising. In fact, let's cut to the chase.<\/p>\n
\r\n#requires -version 3.0\r\n\r\nFunction Get-VHDSummary {\r\n\r\n<#\r\n.Synopsis\r\nGet Hyper-V VHD Information\r\n.Description\r\nGet a summary report of all associated VHDs with their respective virtual\r\nmachines. This requires the Hyper-V PowerShell module.\r\n.Example\r\nPS C:\\> Get-VHDSummary\r\n\r\nVMName     : CHI-Client02\r\nPath       : D:\\VHD\\Win7_C.vhd\r\nType       : Dynamic\r\nFormat     : VHD\r\nSizeGB     : 25\r\nFileSizeGB : 21\r\n\r\nVMName     : CHI-Client02\r\nPath       : C:\\Users\\Public\\Documents\\Hyper-V\\Virtual Hard Disks\\CHI-Client2-Swap.vhdx\r\nType       : Dynamic\r\nFormat     : VHDX\r\nSizeGB     : 4\r\nFileSizeGB : 1\r\n\r\nVMName     : Win2012-01\r\nPath       : D:\\VHD\\Win2012-01_340B1F8F-FFFB-4DCD-9B3A-7819D8BCE3C2.avhdx\r\nType       : Differencing\r\nFormat     : VHDX\r\nSizeGB     : 40\r\nFileSizeGB : 2\r\n\r\n.Example\r\nPS C:\\> get-vhdsummary | sort Type | format-table -GroupBy Type -Property VMName,Path,*Size*\r\n.Example\r\nPS C:\\> get-vhdsummary | Copy-item -destination Z:\\VHDBackup\r\n.Example\r\nPS C:\\> get-vhdsummary | measure-object -property FilesizeGB -sum\r\n.Link\r\nGet-VM\r\nGet-VHD\r\n#>\r\n\r\nParam()\r\n\r\nGet-VM  | Select-Object -expandproperty harddrives | \r\nSelect-Object -property VMName,Path,\r\n@{Name=\"Type\";Expression={(Get-VHD -Path $_.Path).VhdType}},\r\n@{Name=\"Format\";Expression={(Get-VHD -Path $_.Path).VhdFormat}},\r\n@{Name=\"SizeGB\";Expression={((Get-VHD -Path $_.Path).Size)\/1GB -as [int]}},\r\n@{Name=\"FileSizeGB\";Expression={((Get-VHD -Path $_.Path).FileSize)\/1GB -as [int]}}\r\n\r\n} #end function\r\n<\/pre>\n
This function writes a summary object for each VM which means I can further sort, filter or whatever I need to do. Because this can take a bit of time to run, I'll save the results to a variable.<\/p>\n
\r\nPS S:\\> $summary = get-vhdsummary\r\n<\/pre>\n
One unexpected bonus was that it helped me identify a VM with a \"bad\" VHD reference.<\/p>\n
\r\nPS S:\\> $summary | where {-Not $_.type}\r\n\r\nVMName     : Windows Server 2012 VHD Boot\r\nPath       : C:\\Win8BetaServer.vhd\r\nType       :\r\nFormat     :\r\nSizeGB     : 0\r\nFileSizeGB : 0\r\n<\/pre>\n
This was a file I had renamed, which \"broke\" the virtual machine. Or I can see how much space my VHD files are taking.<\/p>\n
\r\nPS S:\\> $summary  | measure FileSizeGB -sum\r\n\r\nCount    : 18\r\nAverage  :\r\nSum      : 102\r\nMaximum  :\r\nMinimum  :\r\nProperty : FileSizeGB\r\n<\/pre>\n
Or perhaps I need to back them all up.<\/p>\n
\r\nPS S:\\> $summary | copy -dest g:\\vhd-backup -whatif\r\nWhat if: Performing operation \"Copy File\" on Target \"Item: D:\\VHD\\Win7_C.vhd Destination: G:\\vhd-backup\\Win7_C.vhd\".\r\n...\r\n<\/pre>\n
Awesome. But.....my function is based on code I developed to run from the command line which works great as a one line command. I'm not likely to have a great number of virtual machines so performance isn't that big a deal. Plus I could always run it as a job. If I'm going to turn this into a function, perhaps it makes sense to break this up.<\/p>\n
If you look at my function, I'm running Get-VHD multiple times for the same file. It probably makes more sense to only get it once. Here's a revised block of code.<\/p>\n
\r\nFunction Get-VHDSummary2 {\r\nParam()\r\n\r\n#get all virtual machines\r\n$vms=Get-VM\r\n\r\nforeach ($vm in $vms) {\r\n  Write-Host \"Getting drive info from $($vm.name)\" -foregroundcolor Cyan\r\n  #get the hard drives foreach virtual machine\r\n  $vm.HardDrives | foreach-object {\r\n      #a VM might have multiple drives so for each one get the VHD\r\n      $vhd=Get-VHD -path $_.path\r\n\r\n      <#\r\n       $_ is the hard drive object so select a few properties and\r\n       include properties from the VHD\r\n      #>\r\n      $_ | Select-Object -property VMName,Path,\r\n        @{Name=\"Type\";Expression={$vhd.VhdType}},\r\n        @{Name=\"Format\";Expression={$vhd.VhdFormat}},\r\n        @{Name=\"SizeGB\";Expression={($vhd.Size)\/1GB -as [int]}},\r\n        @{Name=\"FileSizeGB\";Expression={($vhd.FileSize)\/1GB -as [int]}}\r\n } #foreach\r\n} #foreach vm\r\n\r\n} #close function\r\n<\/pre>\n
I'll get the same result, and actually faster. My first version took 7.8 seconds and this takes 2.3 seconds. Because this is a function, I only have to type it once so I can add comments and even a progress message with Write-Host. This isn't too say I can't do this all from the console; it is just a bit more tedious.<\/p>\n
The purpose of my post is to not only demonstrate some of the Hyper-V cmdlets, but also that what you type at the console doesn't always make the best PowerShell script. Sometimes you need to re-think things for performance and maintainability.<\/p>\n
Download Get-VHDSummary<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
When I made the move to Windows 8, one of my tasks was to migrate my test environment from VirtualBox to Hyper-V. Windows 8 includes a client Hyper-V feature that is easy to use and includes PowerShell support. Plus I needed to expand my Hyper-V skills anyway, especially from the console. After setting up a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[401,4,8],"tags":[573,534,540,402,403],"class_list":["post-2491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hyper-v","category-powershell","category-scripting","tag-hyper-v","tag-powershell","tag-scripting","tag-vhd","tag-virtualization"],"yoast_head":"\nHyper-V VHD Summary • The Lonely Administrator<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/powershell\/2491\/hyper-v-vhd-summary\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hyper-V VHD Summary • The Lonely Administrator\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When I made the move to Windows 8, one of my tasks was to migrate my test environment from VirtualBox to Hyper-V. 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