{"id":685,"date":"2010-07-01T11:40:27","date_gmt":"2010-07-01T16:40:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/2010\/07\/objects-are-the-answer\/"},"modified":"2010-07-01T12:11:55","modified_gmt":"2010-07-01T17:11:55","slug":"objects-are-the-answer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/scripting\/685\/objects-are-the-answer\/","title":{"rendered":"Objects are the answer"},"content":{"rendered":"

As I usually do, I was helping out in the forums at ScriptingAnswers.com<\/a>. A member had several variables that he wanted to show as a group. As is almost always the case, the answer in PowerShell is object. I talk about this all the time in classes, conferences and online chitchat. Let me offer up a script that demonstrates how objects are the answer.<\/p>\n

My business need was to report on files found in a given folder or path. I wanted to get a breakdown of file types showing me the number of each type, their total size and their percentage of all files by count and size.<\/p>\n

#requires -version 2.0<\/span>            \r\n\r\nParam<\/span>(<\/span>[string]<\/span>$path<\/span>=<\/span>\"$env:userprofile\\documents\"<\/span>)<\/span>            \r\n\r\nif<\/span> (<\/span>Test-Path<\/span> -path<\/span> $path<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    write-host<\/span> \"Collecting file information for $path\"<\/span> `<\/pre>\n
   -ForegroundColor<\/span> Green<\/span>            \r\n\r\n    $files<\/span>=<\/span>dir<\/span>  $path<\/span> -recurse<\/span> -errorAction<\/span> \"SilentlyContinue\"<\/span> |<\/span><\/pre>\n
     where<\/span> {<\/span>-not<\/span> $_<\/span>.<\/span>PSIsContainer<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n    $stats<\/span>=<\/span>$files<\/span> |<\/span> Measure-Object<\/span> -Property<\/span> Length<\/span> -sum<\/span>\r\n    $grouped<\/span>=<\/span>$files<\/span> |<\/span> group<\/span> -property<\/span> Extension<\/span>            \r\n\r\n    foreach<\/span> (<\/span>$group<\/span> in<\/span> $grouped<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        #measure the total size of each file type<\/span>\r\n        $measure<\/span>=<\/span>$group<\/span>.<\/span>group<\/span> |<\/span> measure-object<\/span> -Property<\/span> length<\/span> -sum<\/span>            \r\n\r\n        #calculate % of total size<\/span>\r\n        $perSize<\/span>=<\/span>\"{0:P4}\"<\/span> -f<\/span> (<\/span>$measure<\/span>.<\/span>sum<\/span>\/<\/span>$stats<\/span>.<\/span>sum<\/span>)<\/span>            \r\n\r\n        #calculate % of total number<\/span>\r\n        $perTotal<\/span>=<\/span>\"{0:P4}\"<\/span> -f<\/span> (<\/span>$measure<\/span>.<\/span>count<\/span>\/<\/span>$stats<\/span>.<\/span>count<\/span>)<\/span>            \r\n\r\n        #write a custom object to the pipeline<\/span>\r\n        new-object<\/span> psobject<\/span> -Property<\/span> @{<\/span>\r\n            Extension<\/span>=<\/span>$group<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span>\r\n            Total<\/span>=<\/span>$group<\/span>.<\/span>count<\/span>\r\n            TotalSizeMB<\/span>=<\/span>[Math]<\/span>::<\/span>Round<\/span>(<\/span>$measure<\/span>.<\/span>sum<\/span>\/<\/span>1mb<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n            PercentTotal<\/span>=<\/span>$perTotal<\/span>\r\n            PercentSize<\/span>=<\/span>$perSize<\/span>\r\n            Files<\/span>=<\/span>$group<\/span>.<\/span>group<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> #foreach<\/span>\r\n}<\/span> #if test-path<\/span>\r\nelse<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    Write-Warning<\/span> \"Failed to find $path\"<\/span>\r\n}<\/span><\/pre>\n
The script takes a path as a parameter but defaults to your documents folder. Get-Childitem retrieves all files. I\u2019m setting the \u2013errorAction parameter to silentlycontinue to avoid the annoying error messages you get when trying to read protected system folders. The collection of files are then grouped by extension. Each group is then analyzed.<\/p>\n
At this point I have a number of pieces of information to display. In a VBScript I would have most like written some message to the screen for each file type. Technically I could do the same thing here but why? Using New-Object<\/a> I create a new object with properties for all my data. The objects written to the pipeline can be manipulated just like any other object. Let me check my C: drive.<\/p>\n
PS C:\\> $c=c:\\scripts\\filestats.ps1 \u201cc:\\\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n
Hmmm\u2026how many different file types are on my computer?<\/p>\n
PS C:\\> $c.count
\n1897<\/span><\/p>\n
Which file types are taking the most space?<\/p>\n
PS C:\\> $c | sort totalsizeMB -desc | select -first 10 -property * -ExcludeProperty Files | format-table -auto <\/span><\/p>\n
TotalSizeMB PercentTotal Total Extension PercentSize<\/span><\/p>\n
----------- ------------ ----- --------- -----------<\/p>\n
 115692.94 0.0637 %\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 90 .vmdk\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 57.8050 %<\/span><\/p>\n
 19559.24 0.0219 %\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 31 .iso\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 9.7726 %
\n14375.12 0.0014 %\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2 .vdi\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 7.1824 %<\/span>
\n12440.64 14.8798 %\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 21018 .dll\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6.2159 %
\n6972.15 2.4778 %\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3500 .exe\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3.4836 %
\n6190.48 0.0064 %\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 9 .wim\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3.0930 %<\/span>
\n2884.98 0.1373 %\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 194 .CAB\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1.4415 %<\/span> <\/span>
\n2672.56 0.0021 %\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3 .m4v\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1.3353 %<\/span>
\n1424.91 0.0042 %\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6 .sav\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0.7119 %
\n1202.12 0.0092 %\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 13 .mp4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0.6006 %<\/span><\/p>\n
My custom object even includes a property, files, which itself is a collection of objects. For example, what are the .vdi files?<\/p>\n
PS C:\\> $c | where {$_.extension -eq \".vdi\"} | select -ExpandProperty Files<\/span><\/p>\n
Directory: C:\\VirtualBox\\Exchange<\/p>\n
Mode\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 LastWriteTime\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Length Name<\/span>
\n----\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 -------------\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ------ ----
\n-a---\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6\/29\/2010\u00a0\u00a0 1:58 PM 1507336243 ExchangeHDD.vdi <\/span><\/p>\n
 <\/span><\/p>\n
 Directory: C:\\VirtualBox\\R2 <\/span><\/p>\n
Mode\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 LastWriteTime\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Length Name<\/span>
\n----\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 -------------\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ------ ----
\n-a---\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6\/21\/2010\u00a0\u00a0 9:34 PM\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 41472 ExchangeStore.vdi<\/span><\/p>\n
The bottom line is that having objects offers tremendous possibilities. So the next time you\u2019re working on a PowerShell problem, know that objects are the answer.<\/p>\n
My script was intended as a demonstration but if you\u2019d like a copy<\/p>\n
\n
download it here.<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
As I usually do, I was helping out in the forums at ScriptingAnswers.com. A member had several variables that he wanted to show as a group. As is almost always the case, the answer in PowerShell is object. I talk about this all the time in classes, conferences and online chitchat. 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