{"id":7471,"date":"2020-05-12T09:34:05","date_gmt":"2020-05-12T13:34:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/?p=7471"},"modified":"2021-10-12T10:17:45","modified_gmt":"2021-10-12T14:17:45","slug":"a-powershell-network-monitor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/powershell\/7471\/a-powershell-network-monitor\/","title":{"rendered":"A PowerShell Network Monitor"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

I hope you've been trying your hand at the scripting challenges being posted on the Iron Scripter<\/a> website. The challenges are designed for individuals to do on their own to build up their PowerShell scripting skills. A few weeks ago, a challenge was posted to create a network monitoring tool<\/a> using PowerShell and the Write-Progress cmdlet. I thought I'd share my notes on the challenge and some of the code I came up with.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Intermediate Challenge<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The first step was to identify the necessary performance counters for Get-Counter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$counters = \"\\Network interface(*ethernet*)\\Bytes sent\/sec\",\n\"\\Network interface(*ethernet*)\\Bytes received\/sec\",\n\"\\Network interface(*ethernet*)\\Bytes total\/sec\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
With these, I could use Get-Counter to retrieve the data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\nGet-Counter -Counter $counters -MaxSamples 10 -SampleInterval 1 -ov d | \nSelect-object -ExpandProperty CounterSamples | Select-Object -Property Timestamp,\n@{Name=\"Computername\";Expression = {[regex]::Match($_.path, \"(?<=\\\\\\\\)\\w+\").Value.toUpper() }},\n@{Name = \"Counter\"; Expression = { ($_.path -split \"\\\\\")[-1]}},\n@{Name = \"Network\"; Expression = {$_.instancename}},\n@{Name = \"Count\"; Expression = {$_.cookedValue}}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
I'm parsing out values from the counter sample property.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"netperf-1\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
If I wanted to take this a step further I could define the output as a custom object and create a format ps1xml file to clean up the display.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Advanced<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
The advanced challenge was to create a visual tool using Write-Progress. The cmdlet lets you have multiple progress bars in the same window. You can reference them by an ID number. This meant I had to divide up the counters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Get-Counter -Counter $counters -MaxSamples 30 -SampleInterval 1  |\nForEach-Object {\n    $network = $_.countersamples[0].InstanceName\n    $computername = [regex]::Match($_.CounterSamples[0].path, \"(?<=\\\\\\\\)\\w+\").Value.toUpper()\n    $time = $_.timestamp\n    $total = $_.countersamples.where( {$_.path -match \"total\"})\n    $totalKbps = $total.cookedValue*0.008\n    if ($totalKbps -gt 100) {\n        $totalPct = 100\n    }\n    else {\n        $totalPct = $totalKbps\n    }\n    $sent = $_.countersamples.where( {$_.path -match \"sent\"})\n    $sentKbps = $sent.cookedValue*0.008\n    if ($sentKbps -gt 100) {\n        $sentPct = 100\n    }\n    else {\n        $sentPct = $sentKbps\n    }\n    $rcvd = $_.countersamples.where( {$_.path -match \"received\"})\n    $rcvdKbps = $rcvd.cookedValue*0.008\n    if ($rcvdKbps -gt 100) {\n        $rcvdPct = 100\n    }\n    else {\n        $rcvdPct = $rcvdKbps\n    }\n    Write-Progress -Activity \"[$time] $computername : $network\" -status \"Total Kbps $totalKbps\" -id 1 -PercentComplete $totalpct\n    Write-Progress -Activity \" \" -status \"Send Kbps $sentKbps\" -id 2 -PercentComplete $sentpct\n    Write-Progress -Activity \" \" -status \"Received Kbs $rcvdKbps\" -id 3 -PercentComplete $rcvdpct\n\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Another bonus element was to format the data as Kbps.  As far as I know, if I multiply the byte value by 0.008 I will get what I want. I also had to take into account the length of the progress bar since it obviously can't go above 100. Thus the display is relative and not a true graph.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In testing this, I found that Write-Progress in Windows PowerShell seems to have a display bug that doesn't produce exactly what I have in mind. But it works just fine in PowerShell 7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"netperf-2\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Get-NetworkPerformance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
I put all of this together into a PowerShell function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Function Get-NetworkPerformance {\n    [cmdletbinding(DefaultParameterSetName = \"sample\")]\n    [alias(\"gnp\")]\n    Param(\n        [Parameter(HelpMessage = \"Specify a computer to connect to.\")]\n        [string]$Computername = $env:computername,\n        [Parameter(HelpMessage = \"Use the network description from Get-NetAdapter\")]\n        [string]$NetworkInterface = \"*ethernet*\",\n        [Parameter(ParameterSetName = \"continuous\")]\n        [switch]$Continuous,\n        [Parameter(Mandatory, ParameterSetName = \"sample\")]\n        [int64]$MaxSamples,\n        [Parameter(Mandatory, ParameterSetName = \"sample\")]\n        [Int32]$SampleInterval,\n        [switch]$Passthru\n    )\n\n    Write-Verbose \"Starting $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)\"\n    Write-Verbose \"Detected parameter set $($pscmdlet.ParameterSetName)\"\n    Write-Verbose \"Validating network interface\"\n    #updated 12 Oct 2021 to make sure only a single network adapter is selected \n    $c = (Get-NetAdapter -InterfaceDescription $NetworkInterface -CimSession $Computername | Where-Object { $_.status -eq 'up' }).count\n    if ($c -gt 1) {\n        Throw \"You must specify a single network interface.\"\n    }\n    Write-Verbose \"Verified a single network interface\"\n    #save the current progressbar setting\n    $bg = $host.PrivateData.progressBackgroundColor\n\n    #the networking counters\n    $counters = \"\\Network interface($NetworkInterface)\\Bytes sent\/sec\",\n    \"\\Network interface($NetworkInterface)\\Bytes received\/sec\",\n    \"\\Network interface($NetworkInterface)\\Bytes total\/sec\"\n\n    $PSBoundParameters.Add(\"counter\", $counters)\n\n    if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey(\"Passthru\")) {\n        [void]( $PSBoundParameters.Remove(\"passthru\"))\n    }\n\n    if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey(\"NetworkInterface\")) {\n        [void]( $PSBoundParameters.Remove(\"NetworkInterface\"))\n    }\n    Write-Verbose \"Passing these parameters to Get-Counter:`n $($PSBoundParameters | Out-String)\"\n\n    Try {\n        Get-Counter @PSBoundParameters -OutVariable pass -ErrorAction Stop |\n        ForEach-Object {\n            $network = $_.countersamples[0].InstanceName\n            $computername = [regex]::Match($_.CounterSamples[0].path, \"(?<=\\\\\\\\)\\w+\").Value.toUpper()\n            $time = $_.timestamp\n            $total = $_.countersamples.where( { $_.path -match \"total\" })\n            $totalKbps = $total.cookedValue * 0.008\n            #adjust the progressbar color\n            if ($totalKbps -ge 150) {\n                $host.PrivateData.progressBackgroundColor = \"Red\"\n            }\n            else {\n                $host.PrivateData.progressBackgroundColor = $bg\n            }\n            if ($totalKbps -gt 100) {\n                $totalPct = 100\n            }\n            else {\n                $totalPct = $totalKbps\n            }\n            $sent = $_.countersamples.where( { $_.path -match \"sent\" })\n            $sentKbps = $sent.cookedValue * 0.008\n            if ($sentKbps -gt 100) {\n                $sentPct = 100\n            }\n            else {\n                $sentPct = $sentKbps\n            }\n            $rcvd = $_.countersamples.where( { $_.path -match \"received\" })\n            $rcvdKbps = $rcvd.cookedValue * 0.008\n            if ($rcvdKbps -gt 100) {\n                $rcvdPct = 100\n            }\n            else {\n                $rcvdPct = $rcvdKbps\n            }\n\n            Write-Progress -Activity \"[$time] $computername : $network\" -Status \"Total Kbps $totalKbps\" -Id 1 -PercentComplete $totalpct\n            Write-Progress -Activity \" \" -Status \"Send Kbps $sentKbps\" -Id 2 -PercentComplete $sentpct\n            Write-Progress -Activity \" \" -Status \"Received Kbs $rcvdKbps\" -Id 3 -PercentComplete $rcvdpct\n        }\n    } #Try\n    Catch {\n        Write-Warning \"Failed to get performance counters. $($_.Exception.message)\"\n    }\n\n    if ($passthru -AND $pass) {\n        Write-Verbose \"Passing results to the pipeline\"\n        $pass\n    }\n\n    #restore the progressbar value\n    $host.PrivateData.progressBackgroundColor = $bg\n    Write-Verbose \"Ending $($MyInvocation.MyCommand)\"\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The function offers flexibility and ease of use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"netperf-3\"The function has room for improvement. For one, there's no error handling. Get-Counter should really be in a Try\/Catch block. This version doesn't handle alternate credentials for remote computers. Nor does it dynamically change the progress background color. I should be able to do that by dynamically changing the value of $host.PrivateData.ProgressBackgroundColor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
I even learned a few new things in solving this challenge, which is really the whole point. I hope you'll try your hand at the challenges. There are tests for every skill level. Good luck.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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