{"id":8465,"date":"2021-07-01T13:47:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-01T17:47:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/?p=8465"},"modified":"2021-07-01T13:47:04","modified_gmt":"2021-07-01T17:47:04","slug":"filtering-powershell-unique-objects","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/powershell\/8465\/filtering-powershell-unique-objects\/","title":{"rendered":"Filtering for Unique Objects in PowerShell"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A few weeks ago my friend, Gladys Kravitz, was lamenting about a challenge related to filtering for unique objects. PowerShell has a Get-Unique cmdlet, and Select-Object has a -Unique parameter, but these options are limited. On one hand, I'd say most things we manage with PowerShell are guaranteed to be unique. Objects might have a GUID , ID, or SID, to guarantee uniqueness. But, and this is Gladys' situation, sometimes the things we are managing come from an external source. Such as importing data from a CSV file. In this situation, it is definitely possible to have duplicate objects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Test Data<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Here's a sample CSV source that I'll import into PowerShell.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$Obj\u00a0=\u00a0\"Animal,Snack,Color\nHorse,Quiche,Chartreuse\nCat,Doritos,Red\nCat,Pringles,Yellow\nDog,Doritos,Yellow\nDog,Doritos,Yellow\nRabbit,Pretzels,Green\nRabbit,Popcorn,Green\nMarmoset,Cheeseburgers,Black\nDog,Doritos,White\nDog,Doritos,White\nDog,Doritos,White\n\"\u00a0|\u00a0ConvertFrom-Csv<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
You can plainly see the duplicate objects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Existing Commands<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Using Select-Object doesn't offer any help for this situation, even though you feel like your telling PowerShell, \"Select unique objects\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
This works fine on a single property.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
But that isn't the goal. Then I turned my attention to Get-Unique. But this isn't any better.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
So I did what I'm always telling you, I re-read the help. You can get this to work if you tell the command to treat everything as a string.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
If you are dealing with flat and simple objects like my demo objects, this should get the job done. And even though the comparison is via a string, the output is the original object. But there is one potential gotcha: the comparison is case-sensitive. I also found that if the object had rich properties, like an array or hashtable, Get-Unique didn't always provide the expected results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Using Compare-Object<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
I decided to go down a different rabbit hole and use Compare-Object. This cmdlet lets you specify multiple properties to compare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Objects 3 and 4 are identical. My plan was to build a list of unique objects and then compare each input object. If the object wasn't already in the list, then add it. I first create a list object.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0$UniqueList\u00a0=\u00a0[System.Collections.Generic.list[object]]::new()<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Then for each object, I need to test if it exists. The List object has an Exists() method which requires a predicate, which is essentially a scriptblock.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
if\u00a0($UniqueList.Exists(\u00a0{\u00a0-not\u00a0(Compare-Object\u00a0$args[0].psobject.properties.value\u00a0$item.psobject.Properties.value)\u00a0}))\u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Write-Debug\u00a0\"[$((Get-Date).TimeofDay)\u00a0PROCESS]\u00a0Skipping:\u00a0$($item\u00a0|Out-String)\"\n}\nelse\u00a0{\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Write-Debug\u00a0\"[$((Get-Date).TimeofDay)\u00a0PROCESS]\u00a0Adding\u00a0as\u00a0unique:\u00a0$($item\u00a0|\u00a0Out-String)\"\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$UniqueList.add($item)\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The code is saying, \"Compare every object in the list, $args[0] with the input object, $item. If there is a match, then the object is already in the list so don't do anything. Otherwise, add it to the list.\" After processing all objects, $UniqueList should be the unique objects. And by the way, Compare-Object is not case-sensitive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Get-PSUnique<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
I put all of this together into a function called Get-PSUnique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
In my testing, this command will handle simple arrays and hashtables for comparisons. I guess this limit is whatever Compare-Object has when it comes to comparing properties. Still, I'd recommend this function for dealing with simple objects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Want to try yourself? I've added this command to the latest version (2.28.0) of the PSScriptTools <\/a>module which you can install from the PowerShell Gallery. Or you are welcome to check out the code for Get-PSUnique<\/a>. I hope you find this as useful as I think Gladys did.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
A few weeks ago my friend, Gladys Kravitz, was lamenting about a challenge related to filtering for unique objects. PowerShell has a Get-Unique cmdlet, and Select-Object has a -Unique parameter, but these options are limited. On one hand, I’d say most things we manage with PowerShell are guaranteed to be unique. Objects might have a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"New on the blog: Filtering for Unique Objects in #PowerShell","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8465","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-powershell"],"yoast_head":"\nFiltering for Unique Objects in PowerShell • The Lonely Administrator<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"An exploration of techniques for filtering for truly unique objects in PowerShell. 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