{"id":8759,"date":"2022-01-05T14:09:50","date_gmt":"2022-01-05T19:09:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/?p=8759"},"modified":"2022-01-05T14:09:54","modified_gmt":"2022-01-05T19:09:54","slug":"discovering-pester-tags-with-the-powershell-ast","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/powershell\/8759\/discovering-pester-tags-with-the-powershell-ast\/","title":{"rendered":"Discovering Pester Tags with the PowerShell AST"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

As I resolved<\/a> at the end of last year, I am doing more with Pester in 2022. I'm getting a bit more comfortable with Pester 5 and as my tests grow in complexity I am embracing the use of tags. You can add tags to different Pester test elements. Then when you invoke a Pester test, you can filter and only run specific tests by their tag. As I was working, I realized it would be helpful to be able to identify all of the tags in a test script. After a bit of work, I came up with a PowerShell function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

My initial thought was to use regular expressions and look for lines with -tag.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$path = \"C:\\scripts\\psfunctiontools\\tests\\psfunctiontools.tests.ps1\"\n[regex]$rx=\"(?<=-tag\\s)(\\w(,)?(\\s)?)*\"\n$c = Get-Content $path\n#make all tags lower case\n([System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex]::Matches($c,$rx,\"IgnoreCase\")).foreach({($_.value -split \",\").Trim().toLower()}) |\nSelect-Object -Unique | Sort-Object<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
This code works but is a bit of a brute-force approach. I had to take into account multiple tags and syntax variations. So I went back to the PowerShell AST.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Parsing the file is simple enough.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$AST = [System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser]::ParseFile(\n    $path,\n    [ref]$astTokens,\n    [ref]$astErr\n)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
In a Pester test, tags are technically part of a -Tag parameter for a Pester command like Describe or It. This means I can discover these command elements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$tags = $AST.FindAll({\n    $args[0] -is [System.Management.Automation.Language.CommandParameterAst] -AND $args[0].parametername -eq 'tag' },\n$true\n)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Now for the tricky part. Here's a sample object.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"sample<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
It would be nice if the Argument property contained the values \"help\", and \"acceptance\" which you can see in the parent. But that would be too easy. However, I can use the Parent property and its CommandElements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"tag<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
I'm showing you the last two elements. The Tag parameter value is the element after the parameter element. This might make it clearer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
for ($i = 0;$i -lt $tags[0].Parent.CommandElements.count;$i++) {\n    if ($tags[0].parent.CommandElements[$i].parametername -eq 'tag') {\n    $tags[0].parent.CommandElements[$i+1].extent.text.split(\",\").trim().tolower()\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
I can loop through all the command elements using a For enumeration loop. If the parametername property is 'tag', then get the next element ($i+1) and use the Extent.Text property. It might be an array so I'll split it and trim up extra spaces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"get<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
All I need to do now is step back and do this for all tag elements with a set of nested For loops.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"get<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
The last step is to get unique items. Notice that I'm also making every entry lowercase to ensure I'm truly getting unique values. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Get-PesterTag<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
With this core functionality, I built a PowerShell function around it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Function Get-PesterTag {\n    [cmdletbinding()]\n    [OutputType(\"pesterTag\")]\n    Param(\n        [Parameter(\n            Position = 0,\n            Mandatory,\n            HelpMessage = \"Specify a Pester test file\",\n            ValueFromPipeline\n        )]\n        [ValidateScript({\n            #validate file exits\n            if (Test-Path $_) {\n                #now test for extension\n                if ($_ -match \"\\.ps1$\") {\n                    $True\n                }\n                else {\n                    Throw \"The filename must end in '.ps1'.\"\n                }\n            }\n            else {\n                Throw \"Cannot find file $_.\"\n            }\n        })]\n        [string]$Path\n    )\n\n    Begin {\n        Write-Verbose \"[$((Get-Date).TimeofDay) BEGIN  ] Starting $($myinvocation.mycommand)\"\n        New-Variable astTokens -Force\n        New-Variable astErr -Force\n    } #begin\n\n    Process {\n        Write-Verbose \"[$((Get-Date).TimeofDay) PROCESS] Getting tags from $Path \"\n        $AST = [System.Management.Automation.Language.Parser]::ParseFile(\n            $path,\n            [ref]$astTokens,\n            [ref]$astErr\n        )\n        $tags = $AST.FindAll({\n                $args[0] -is [System.Management.Automation.Language.CommandParameterAst] -AND $args[0].parametername -eq 'tag' },\n            $true\n        )\n\n        $all = for ($j = 0; $j -lt $tags.count; $j++) {\n            for ($i = 0; $i -lt $tags[$j].Parent.CommandElements.count; $i++) {\n                if ($tags[$j].parent.CommandElements[$i].parametername -eq 'tag') {\n                    $tags[$j].parent.CommandElements[$i + 1].extent.text.split(\",\").trim().tolower()\n                }\n            }\n        }\n        if ($all) {\n            [pscustomobject]@{\n                PSTypename = \"pesterTag\"\n                Path       = $Path\n                Tags       = $all | Select-Object -Unique | Sort-Object\n            }\n        }\n        else {\n            Write-Warning \"No tags found in $Path\"\n        }\n    } #process\n\n    End {\n        Write-Verbose \"[$((Get-Date).TimeofDay) END    ] Ending $($myinvocation.mycommand)\"\n    } #end\n\n} #close Get-PesterTag<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The function writes a custom object to the pipeline which includes the file name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"get-pestertag\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
This was very helpful as I discovered a misspelled tag name. The function includes parameter validation on the path. The validation script first verifies the file exists and then that it ends in .ps1. I used to separate these out into two separate validation tests, but there's no reason not to combine them.  The only other thing I could do is create a custom format file for the pesterTag object type. But I'll leave that to you. I need to get back to working on my tests.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
As I resolved at the end of last year, I am doing more with Pester in 2022. I’m getting a bit more comfortable with Pester 5 and as my tests grow in complexity I am embracing the use of tags. You can add tags to different Pester test elements. Then when you invoke a Pester…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"New on the blog: Discovering #Pester tags with the #PowerShell AST","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4,8],"tags":[447,520,534],"class_list":["post-8759","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-powershell","category-scripting","tag-ast","tag-pester","tag-powershell"],"yoast_head":"\nDiscovering Pester Tags with the PowerShell 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It works nicely and I have no reason to complain. But as usual, there is never simply one way to do something in PowerShell. I got a suggestion from @FrodeFlaten on Twitter on an approach\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "PowerShell"","block_context":{"text":"PowerShell","link":"https:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/category\/powershell\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/container-tags.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":8754,"url":"https:\/\/jdhitsolutions.com\/blog\/powershell\/8754\/accelerate-pester-test-development\/","url_meta":{"origin":8759,"position":1},"title":"Accelerate Pester Test Development","author":"Jeffery Hicks","date":"December 28, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"The other day I shared my PowerShell plans for 2022. And needless to say, I didn't wait to dig in. 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